Sildenafil tablets are contraindicated in patients with: Concomitant use of organic nitrates in any form, either regularly or intermittently, because of the greater risk of hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] . PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil, may potentiate the hypotensive effects of riociguat. Known hypersensitivity to sildenafil or any component of the tablet. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 5.1 HypotensionSildenafil citrate has vasodilatory properties, resulting in mild and transient decreases in blood pressure.

  • Sildenafil 20 mg tablets are available by prescription only.
  • Common side effects include headaches, flushing, and nasal congestion.
  • It is important to follow the prescribed dosage for safety.
  • Avoid alcohol and high-fat meals when taking sildenafil.
  • Consult a doctor if you experience sudden vision loss.

Before prescribing sildenafil citrate, carefully consider whether patients with certain underlying conditions could be adversely affected by such vasodilatory effects (e.g., patients on antihypertensive therapy or with resting hypotension [BP less than 90/50], fluid depletion, severe left ventricular outflow obstruction, or autonomic dysfunction). Monitor blood pressure when co-administering blood pressure lowering drugs with sildenafil citrate.5.2 Worsening Pulmonary Vascular Occlusive DiseasePulmonary vasodilators may significantly worsen the cardiovascular status of patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD).

Parameter Details
Onset of Action 30-60 minutes
Peak Effect About 1 hour
Duration of Effect 4-6 hours
Factors Influencing Food intake, alcohol, metabolism

Since there are no clinical data on administration of sildenafil citrate to patients with veno-occlusive disease, administration of sildenafil citrate to such patients is not recommended. Should signs of pulmonary edema occur when sildenafil citrate is administered, consider the possibility of associated PVOD.5.3 EpistaxisThe incidence of epistaxis was 13% in patients taking sildenafil citrate with PAH secondary to CTD.

Society and culture

It is not possible to determine whether these reported events are related directly to the use of sildenafil citrate, to the patient’s underlying risk factors for hearing loss, a combination of these factors, or to other factors.Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention in the event of sudden decrease or loss of hearing while taking PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate.5.6 Combination with other PDE-5 InhibitorsSildenafil is also marketed as VIAGRA ®. The safety and efficacy of combinations of sildenafil citrate with VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors have not been studied. Inform patients taking sildenafil citrate not to take VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors.5.7 PriapismUse sildenafil citrate with caution in patients with anatomical deformation of the penis (e.g., angulation, cavernosal fibrosis, or Peyronie’s disease) or in patients who have conditions, which may predispose them to priapism (e.g., sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia). In the event of an erection that persists longer than 4 hours, the patient should seek immediate medical assistance. If priapism (painful erection greater than 6 hours in duration) is not treated immediately, penile tissue damage and permanent loss of potency could result.5.8 Vaso-occlusive Crisis in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Sickle Cell AnemiaIn a small, prematurely terminated study of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive crises requiring hospitalization were more commonly reported by patients who received sildenafil softgel capsule sildenafil citrate than by those randomized to placebo.

More common

The effectiveness and safety of sildenafil citrate in the treatment of PAH secondary to sickle cell anemia has not been established. Sildenafil citrate has vasodilatory properties, resulting in mild and transient decreases in blood pressure. Monitor blood pressure when co-administering blood pressure lowering drugs with sildenafil citrate. Pulmonary vasodilators may significantly worsen the cardiovascular status of patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). Should signs of pulmonary edema occur when sildenafil citrate is administered, consider the possibility of associated PVOD.

IV Administration

The incidence of epistaxis was 13% in patients taking sildenafil citrate with PAH secondary to CTD. The incidence of epistaxis was also higher in sildenafil citrate-treated patients with a concomitant oral vitamin K antagonist (9% versus 2% in those not treated with concomitant vitamin K antagonist). The safety of sildenafil citrate is unknown in patients with bleeding disorders or active peptic ulceration. When used to treat erectile dysfunction, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a cause of decreased vision including permanent loss of vision, has been reported post-marketing in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil. Most patients had underlying anatomic or vascular risk factors for developing NAION, including low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”). This effect was not seen in idiopathic PAH (sildenafil citrate 3%, placebo 2%) patients. The incidence of epistaxis was also higher in sildenafil citrate-treated patients with a concomitant oral vitamin K antagonist (9% versus 2% in those not treated with concomitant vitamin K antagonist).The safety of sildenafil citrate is unknown in patients with bleeding disorders or active peptic ulceration.5.4 Visual LossWhen used to treat erectile dysfunction, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a cause of decreased vision including permanent loss of vision, has been reported post-marketing in temporal association with the sildenafil 100mg hexal use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil. Most patients had underlying anatomic or vascular risk factors for developing NAION, including low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”).Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention in the event of a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes while taking sildenafil citrate. There are no controlled clinical data on the safety or efficacy of sildenafil citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, a minority of whom have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases. Therefore, use of sildenafil citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa is not recommended.5.5 Hearing LossCases of sudden decrease or loss of hearing, which may be accompanied by tinnitus and dizziness, have been reported in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate.

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In some of the cases, medical conditions and other factors were reported that may have played a role. In many cases, medical follow-up information was limited. It is not possible to determine whether these reported events are related directly to the use of sildenafil citrate, to the patient’s underlying risk factors for hearing loss, a combination of these factors, or to other factors.Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention in the event of sudden decrease or loss of hearing while taking PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate.5.6 Combination with other PDE-5 InhibitorsSildenafil is also marketed as VIAGRA ®.

Does Either Medication Reverse ED?

The safety and efficacy of combinations of sildenafil citrate with VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors have not been studied. Inform patients taking sildenafil citrate not to take VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors.5.7 PriapismUse sildenafil citrate with caution in patients with anatomical deformation of the penis (e.g., angulation, cavernosal fibrosis, or Peyronie’s disease) or in patients who have conditions, which may predispose them to priapism (e.g., sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia). In the event of an erection that persists longer than 4 hours, the patient should seek immediate medical assistance. If priapism (painful erection greater than 6 hours in duration) is not treated immediately, penile tissue damage and permanent loss of potency could result.5.8 Vaso-occlusive Crisis in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Sickle Cell AnemiaIn a small, prematurely terminated study of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive crises requiring hospitalization were more commonly reported by patients who received sildenafil softgel capsule sildenafil citrate than by those randomized to placebo. The effectiveness and safety of sildenafil citrate in the treatment of PAH secondary to sickle cell anemia has not been established.

In case of emergency/overdose

Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention in the event of a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes while taking sildenafil citrate. Therefore, use of sildenafil sildenafil generic citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa is not recommended. Cases of sudden decrease or loss of hearing, which may be accompanied by tinnitus and dizziness, have been reported in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate. It is not possible to determine whether these reported events are related directly to the use of sildenafil citrate, to the patient’s underlying risk factors for hearing loss, a combination of these factors, or to other factors. Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention in the event of sudden decrease or loss of hearing while taking PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate.

How does sildenafil work (mechanism of action)?

Inform patients taking sildenafil citrate not to take VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors. If priapism (painful erection greater than 6 hours in duration) is not treated immediately, penile tissue damage and permanent loss of potency could result. In a small, prematurely terminated study of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive crises requiring hospitalization were more commonly reported by patients who received sildenafil citrate than by those randomized to placebo. 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse events are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:Mortality with pediatric use [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]Vision loss [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]Hearing loss [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]Priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]Vaso-occlusive crisis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]6.1 Clinical Trials ExperienceBecause clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.In a 12-week, placebo-controlled clinical study and an open-label extension study (SUPER-1) in 277 sildenafil citrate-treated adults with PAH (WHO Group I) [see Clinical Studies (14)] the adverse reactions that were reported by at least 10% of sildenafil citrate -treated patients in any dosing group, and were more frequent in sildenafil citrate -treated patients than in placebo-treated patients are shown in Table 1. Adverse reactions were generally transient and mild to moderate in nature.

What are the serious side effects of sildenafil?

The overall frequency of discontinuation in sildenafil citrate-treated patients was 3% (20 mg and 40 mg three times a day). The overall frequency of discontinuation for placebo was 3%.Table 1. Most Common Adverse Reactions in Patients with PAH in Study 1 (More Frequent in Sildenafil Citrate-Treated Patients than Placebo-Treated Patients and Incidence ≥3% in Sildenafil Citrate-Treated Patients)In a placebo-controlled fixed dose titration study (PACES-1) of sildenafil citrate (starting with recommended dose of 20 mg and increased to 40 mg and then 80 mg all three times a day) as an adjunct to intravenous epoprostenol in patients with PAH, no new safety issues were identified except for edema, which occurred in 25% of subjects in the combined sildenafil citrate + epoprostenol group compared with 13% of subjects in the epoprostenol group [see Clinical Studies (14)].Pediatric use information is approved for Viatris Specialty LLC’s, REVATIO (sildenafil) tablets. However, due to Viatris Specialty LLC’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.6.2 Postmarketing ExperienceThe following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of sildenafil (marketed for both PAH and erectile dysfunction). Sildenafil citrate has vasodilatory properties, resulting in mild and transient decreases in blood pressure. Monitor blood pressure when co-administering blood pressure lowering drugs with sildenafil citrate. Pulmonary vasodilators may significantly worsen the cardiovascular status of patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). Should signs of pulmonary edema occur when sildenafil citrate is administered, consider the possibility of associated PVOD. The incidence of epistaxis was 13% in patients taking sildenafil citrate with PAH secondary to CTD. The incidence of epistaxis was also higher in sildenafil citrate-treated patients with a concomitant oral vitamin K antagonist (9% versus 2% in those not treated with concomitant vitamin K antagonist). The safety of sildenafil citrate is unknown in patients with bleeding disorders or active peptic ulceration. When used to treat erectile dysfunction, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a cause of decreased vision including permanent loss of vision, has been reported post-marketing in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil. Most patients had underlying anatomic or vascular risk factors for developing NAION, including low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”). Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention in the event of a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes while taking sildenafil citrate. Therefore, use of sildenafil sildenafil generic citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa is not recommended.

12.1 Mechanism of Action

Sildenafil tablets are contraindicated in patients with: Concomitant use of organic nitrates in any form, either regularly or intermittently, because of the greater risk of hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] . PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil, may potentiate the hypotensive effects of riociguat. Known hypersensitivity to sildenafil or any component of the tablet. 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 5.1 HypotensionSildenafil citrate has vasodilatory properties, resulting in mild and transient decreases in blood pressure. Before prescribing sildenafil citrate, carefully consider whether patients with certain underlying conditions could be adversely affected by such vasodilatory effects (e.g., patients on antihypertensive therapy or with resting hypotension [BP less than 90/50], fluid depletion, severe left ventricular outflow obstruction, or autonomic dysfunction).

Looking for a Different Strength?

Monitor blood pressure when co-administering blood pressure lowering drugs with sildenafil citrate.5.2 Worsening Pulmonary Vascular Occlusive DiseasePulmonary vasodilators may significantly worsen the cardiovascular status of patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). Since there are no clinical data on administration of sildenafil citrate to patients with veno-occlusive disease, administration of sildenafil citrate to such patients is not recommended. Should signs of pulmonary edema occur when sildenafil citrate is administered, consider the possibility of associated PVOD.5.3 EpistaxisThe incidence of epistaxis was 13% in patients taking sildenafil citrate with PAH secondary to CTD. This effect was not seen in idiopathic PAH (sildenafil citrate 3%, placebo 2%) patients. The incidence of epistaxis was also higher in sildenafil citrate-treated patients with a concomitant oral vitamin K antagonist (9% versus 2% in those not treated with concomitant vitamin K antagonist).The safety of sildenafil citrate is unknown in patients with bleeding disorders or active peptic ulceration.5.4 Visual LossWhen used to treat erectile dysfunction, non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a cause of decreased vision including permanent loss of vision, has been reported post-marketing in temporal association with the sildenafil 100mg hexal use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil.

Pulmonary hypertension

Most patients had underlying anatomic or vascular risk factors for developing NAION, including low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”).Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention in the event of a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes while taking sildenafil citrate. There are no controlled clinical data on the safety or efficacy of sildenafil citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, a minority of whom have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases. Therefore, use of sildenafil citrate in patients with retinitis pigmentosa is not recommended.5.5 Hearing LossCases of sudden decrease or loss of hearing, which may be accompanied by tinnitus and dizziness, have been reported in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate. In some of the cases, medical conditions and other factors were reported that may have played a role. In many cases, medical follow-up information was limited. Cases of sudden decrease or loss of hearing, which may be accompanied by tinnitus and dizziness, have been reported in temporal association with the use of PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate.

  • Sildenafil 20 mg tablets are sometimes used off-label for pulmonary hypertension.
  • The medication can cause priapism, a painful, prolonged erection.
  • Wait at least 24 hours before taking another dose.
  • Avoid grapefruit juice, which can increase drug levels.
  • Report any allergic reactions such as rash or difficulty breathing.

It is not possible to determine whether these reported events are related directly to the use of sildenafil citrate, to the patient’s underlying risk factors for hearing loss, a combination of these factors, or to other factors. Advise patients to seek prompt medical attention in the event of sudden decrease or loss of hearing while taking PDE-5 inhibitors, including sildenafil citrate. Inform patients taking sildenafil citrate not to take VIAGRA or other PDE-5 inhibitors. If priapism (painful erection greater than 6 hours in duration) is not treated immediately, penile tissue damage and permanent loss of potency could result. In a small, prematurely terminated study of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive crises requiring hospitalization were more commonly reported by patients who received sildenafil citrate than by those randomized to placebo. 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse events are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:Mortality with pediatric use [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]Vision loss [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]Hearing loss [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]Priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]Vaso-occlusive crisis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]6.1 Clinical Trials ExperienceBecause clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.In a 12-week, placebo-controlled clinical study and an open-label extension study (SUPER-1) in 277 sildenafil citrate-treated adults with PAH (WHO Group I) [see Clinical Studies (14)] the adverse reactions that were reported by at least 10% of sildenafil citrate -treated patients in any dosing group, and were more frequent in sildenafil citrate -treated patients than in placebo-treated patients are shown in Table 1. Adverse reactions were generally transient and mild to moderate in nature. The overall frequency of discontinuation in sildenafil citrate-treated patients was 3% (20 mg and 40 mg three times a day). The overall frequency of discontinuation for placebo was 3%.Table 1.

Brand Name Price Range (per tablet) Availability Prescription Needed Notes
Viagra $2 - $5 Pharmacies Yes Brand-name option
Sildenafil generics $0.50 - $1.50 Online & Local Pharmacies Yes Economical choice
Kamagra Varies Online (regulated in some countries) Yes Check legal status

Most Common Adverse Reactions in Patients with PAH in Study 1 (More Frequent in Sildenafil Citrate-Treated Patients than Placebo-Treated Patients and Incidence ≥3% in Sildenafil Citrate-Treated Patients)In a placebo-controlled fixed dose titration study (PACES-1) of sildenafil citrate (starting with recommended dose of 20 mg and increased to 40 mg and then 80 mg all three times a day) as an adjunct to intravenous epoprostenol in patients with PAH, no new safety issues were identified except for edema, which occurred in 25% of subjects in the combined sildenafil citrate + epoprostenol group compared with 13% of subjects in the epoprostenol group [see Clinical Studies (14)].Pediatric use information is approved for Viatris Specialty LLC’s, REVATIO (sildenafil) tablets.

  • Sildenafil 20 mg tablets are supplied in blister packs or bottles.
  • Always check the expiration date before use.
  • Alcohol may reduce the effectiveness or increase side effects.
  • Avoid taking sildenafil with fatty foods for faster absorption.
  • Keep out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.

However, due to Viatris Specialty LLC’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.6.2 Postmarketing ExperienceThe following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of sildenafil (marketed for both PAH and erectile dysfunction).

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